fertratemy.blogg.se - Apush chapter 7 coursenotes forging a national

remained very rural and was mostly a farming nation the Brits kept textile industry secrets as a monopoly (forbade travel of craftsmen & export of machines).But, Britain’s long-established factory system was in competition with the infant U.S.Britain lacked consumers for factory-scale manufacturing whereas America had the growing numbers.land was cheap, money for investment plentiful, raw materials were plentiful.was destined to become an industrial giant because… The industrial revolution spread to U.S.as time passed, immigrants were less disliked since they were crucial to economic expansion & more jobs were becoming available (although they were low-paying).it made America a pluralistic society with diversity.Philadelphia in 1844, which burnt churches, schools, and saw people killed wrote fiction books about corruption of churches.fought for restrictions on immigration, naturalization & deportation of alien paupers.they met in secrecy - “I Know-Nothing” was their response to any inquiries.nativists feared that Catholicism challenged Protestantism (Popish idols) so they formed the “Order of Star-Spangled Banner” AKA, “ The Know-Nothings.”.Catholicism became a major faith due to the immigration of the 1840s and 50s they also set out to build Catholic schools.“ nativists” – older Americans who were prejudiced against newcomers in jobs, politics, and religion.They faced resent from old Americans because the Germans grouped themselves together, were aloof, clung to their old ways and kept speaking the German language and religion, and brought beer to the U.S.They urged public education (started kindergarten) and freedom (they were enemies of slavery).politicians, yet they lacked potency because they were rather spread out. Their votes were crucial, so they were wooed by U.S.They had more money than the Irish, so they bought land in West, especially in Wisconsin.Liberals such as Carl Schurz contributed to the elevation of the U.S.1 million Germans poured in between 1830s-1860s because of crop failures and revolution/war of 1848.The politicians tried to appeal to the Irish by yelling at London (“Twisting the Lion’s Tail”).The Irish were attracted to politics, and often filled police departments as officers.Gradual property ownership came about, and their children earned education.The Ancient Order of Hibernians was established to aid the Irish.Americans hated the Irish (such as “NINA”-No Irish Need Apply) the Irish hated competition with blacks for the low-paying jobs.They were hated by Protestants because they’re Catholic.

They were illiterate, discriminated against by older Americans, and received lowest-paying jobs (railroad-building).

“ Black Forties”-they mainly came to cities like Boston and especially New York (biggest Irish city).

The Irish potato famine in the mid-1840s led to the death of 2 million and saw many flee to the U.S.

Also, transoceanic steamships were used meaning travel time dropped to 12 days and it was safer.

was for land, freedom from church, no aristocracy, 3 meat meals a day.

They came due to a surplus population in Europe, but not all came to the U.S.

A high birthrate had accounted for population growth, but near 1850s, millions of Irish and German came.

With growth came poor sanitation ‡ later, sewage systems and piped-in water came about.

In 1790, only New York & Philadelphia had more than 20,000 people, but by 1860, 43 cities had.

By 1860, the original 13 states now had become 33 states the American population was 4th in the world (behind Russia, France, Austria).

In the mid-1800s, the population continued to double every 25 years.

Artist George Catlin pushed for national parks and later achieved it with Yellowstone in 1872.

The spirit of nationalism led to an appreciation of the American wilderness.

Settlers trapped beavers, sea otters, and bison for fur to ship back East.

Tobacco overuse had exhausted the land forcing settlers to move on, but “Kentucky bluegrass” thrived.

The westward movement molded the environment.

Frontier people were individualistic, superstitious and ill-informed of current matters.

marched quickly toward the West which proved to be very hard with disease and loneliness.